trade of spices and luxury goods
Europeans benefit from exploration to new lands
god, glory, gold
what were the three reasons for exploration
Bartolomeu Dias
Portuguese explorer who traveled to convert non-christians
1400s
time period?
advances in technology
another reason for exploration
caravel
sturdier ship that sailed effectively against the wind
astrolabe
Muslims used to determine location
Chinese
who created magnetic compass to better determine direction
Portugal
was the leader in applying sailing innovations
Prince Henry
why was Portugal enthusiastic about exploration
Prince Henry
who set up navigational schools
Bartolomeu Dias
1st to reach the tip of Africa
Vasco de Gama
found a direct sea route to Asia, profitable voyage
Chris Columbus
spain sailor, thought to discover America
Line of Demarcation
imaginary line that divided territory from Portugal and Spain, eased tension
Treaty of Tordesillas
treaty that moved line of demarcation to give Portugal move land
because it divided land and ended tension
How did the Treaty of Tordesillas ease tension between Portugal and Spain
gave Portugal control of Spice Islands
Why was the capture of the Moluccas important
Dutch East India Company
the Dutch established trading post in India to profit from the spice trades
because they were richer and more powerful and controlled many trading posts
How were the Dutch able to dominate the Indian Ocean Trade
English East India Company
focused much of its energy on establishing outposts in India
French East India Company
also tried to develop trading posts, faced constant attacks from the Dutch, never showed much profit
stayed unaffected, mainly port cities
how did the arrival of Europeans in the East affect people in general
encouraged new adventure and curiosity
what role did the Renaissance play in launching an age of exploration
oversea exploration in East and spread Christianity; Barolomeu Dias
What was prince Henry’s goal and who achieved it
Dutch, English, French, Portugal, Spain
What European countries were competing for Asian trade
Ming Dynasty
dominate power in China (1368-1644)
Hongwu
drove Mongols out from China
set up agriculture, Confucian standards,
What did Hongwu do to make China a better place
Yonglo
next ruler after Hongwu
Yonglo
launched 7 voyages to explore new lands
Zheng He
led all 7 voyages
thought China was a big, rich country
What do you think people of other con tries thought about China after one of Zheng He’s visits
offended Confucian beliefs and high taxes manufacturing were high
why did China not industrialize
Manchus
invaded China and caused the Ming Dynasty to collapse
Qing Dynasty
invaded,ruled and expanded China for more than 260 years
Kangxi
Qing Ruler: lowered taxes, support of intellectuals, first to gain trust of the Chinese
Qian-long
Qing Ruler: China’s greatest size and prosperity, expanded presence of European missionaries
pay tribune, use special ports, preform Kowtow
what did you have to do to trade with China during isolation period
Dutch
1st to trade with China during isolation period; followed rules, importants of tea
Great Britain
wanted to trade with China but did not want to follow isolation rules
because of increase in irrigation and fertilizer
why did the population increase during the Qing Dynasty
Yonglo moved capital in his reign
How did Beijing become the capital of china
China withdrew into isolation; self-suffiant
What evidence indicates the China lost interest in contact abroad after 1433
Christian religion, tried to convert non-christians
What did Christian missionaries bring to China
shoguns
military leaders
Warring States
what was the time of violence called in Japan
daimyo
lords
Daimyo’s fighting for territory
what lead to fighting in Japan
Oda Nobunaga
defeated rivals, seized capital, wanted to unify Japan
Oda Nobunaga
who committed seppuku because he failed to unify Japan
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
followed Oda Nobunaga, defeated daimyo, invaded Korea, tried to unify Japan
Tokugawa Ieyasu
completed unification of Japan, became shogun
alternate attendance policy
how did Tokugawa keep rebels down
spending every other year in the capital, taming daimyo
how would alternate attendance policy restrict the daimyo
Tokugawa Shogunate
ruled Japan for 2 centuries, founded by Ieyasu
noh dramas
plays based on tragic themes
kabuki
type of theater, costumes and mime acting
because Japan was a rich country with spices and luxury goods
Why did Europeans want to open trade with Japan
fire arms
one thing that Portugal brought that Japanese were very interested in
Francis Xavier
A Jesuit, led first mission to Japan
Tokugawa Ieuasu
who banned Christianity from Japan
Chinese like merchants; Japan didn’t: both outlawed it in isolation period
How was the treatment of Europeans different in Japan and China? How was it similar
Dutch and Chinese
who were the only two countries allowed to trade with Japan
powerful daimyo were fighting for territory and land
What happened during the period of the Warring States
shogun, daimyo, samurai, peasants, merchants
What was the structure of society in Tokugawa Japan
