Art History Test 2

The early middle ages are associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
a. the establishment of strong nation-states under powerful kings
b. the lingering effects of the Roman Empire’s collapse
c. the expansion of Germanic tribes across Europe
d. the spread of Muslims and Islamic influence into Europe

Of what do early Islamic paintings mainly consist:
a. depictions of Muhammad dictating the Koran
b. abstract geometric and floral patterns
c. landscapes and still lives
d. images of Allah seated in heaven

Two features all mosques share are the
a. qibla and hadj
b. hadj and mihrab
c. sahn and qibla
d. mihrab and muezzin

What is a minaret?
a. a small niche indicating the direction toward Mecca
b. an enclosed courtyard inside a mosque
c. a prayer wall
d. a tower from which a crier calls Muslims to prayer

What is a mihrab?
a. a small niche indicating the direction toward Mecca
b. a prayer wall
c. an enclosed courtyard inside a mosque
d. a tower from which a crier calls Muslims to prayer

In the sixteenth century, the Great Mosque of Cordoba was damaged by:
a. a fire set by a radical priest
b. an occupying army
c. the construction of a Christian cathedral inside it
d. an earthquake

The culture of northern Europe in the early Middle ages could best be described as:
a. Hellenistic
b. Germanic
c. Roman
d. Muslim

The “Hiberno” in Hiberno-Saxon artwork refers to:
a. Ireland
b. Germany
c. England
d. Denmark

Probably the most famous medieval Hiberno-Saxon manuscript is the:
a. Book of Kells
b. Book of Aachen
c. Book of Alcuin
d Book of Tunc

Illuminated manuscripts were often made on high-quality calfskin parchment known as:
a. scriptorium
b. vellum
c. crucifexerant
d. clerestory

Illuminated manuscripts evidenced all of the following qualities EXCEPT:
a. interlacing patterns
b. optical illusions
c. surface depth
d. religious symbolism

Which of the following statements about Charlemagne is FALSE?
a. he established a unified code of laws for his empire
b. he instituted a program to improve education in his realm
c. he established a political organization based on that of ancient Rome
d. He replaced Latin with German as the language of scholarship

The equestrian statuette of Charlemagne from Metz exemplifies the Frankish king’s attempt to identify himself with:
a. gods of Roman mythology
b. Germanic kings who overran the Roman empire
c. early apostles of Jesus Christ
d. emperors of Rome

Who designed the palace chapel at Charlemagne’s imperial capital?
a. Odo
b. Alcuin
c. Columba
d. Charles Martel

What architectural feature did Charlemagne’s palace chapel share with the Church of San Vitale in Ravenna?
a. a cruciform layout
b. central planning
c. elaborate, Byzantine frescoes
d. a vast number of columns

In the late 8th century, Charlemagne moved his capital to which city, where he had an impressive palace chapel built?
a. Venice
b. Paris
c. Aachen
d. Rome

In the middle ages, Christians often made pilgrimages to reliquaries, which are best defined as:
a. mineral spring baths
b. military outposts in the Holy Land during the Crusades
c. houses for the physical remains of saints
d. monasteries where devout monks could be asked to pray for divine intercession

Located in northwestern Spain, one of the most popular pilgrimage sites was a shrine to Santiago at:
a. Leon
b. Burgos
c. Rocesvalles
d. Compostela

Which region of Europe housed the most innovative works of the Romanesque period?
a. France
b. Germany
c. Italy
d. Spain

The Normans were descended from the:
a. Celts
b. Vikings
c. Magyars
d. French

The Romanesque perido can be characterized as a period of:
a. wars and civil unrest
b. economic decline
c. urban renewal
d. strong imperial rule

The earliest surviving example of a pilgrimage church was dedicated to Sainte Foy and built at:
a. Arles
b. Conques
c. Limoges
d. Bordeaux

In order to accommodate large crowds without interfering with the duties of the clergy, the builders of Sainte-Foy extended the side aisles around the transept and apse to create:
a. an abutment
b. a chevet
c. a nave
d. an ambulatory

Which important new architectural development appeared in Romanesque churches?
a. the replacement of wooden roofs with stone barrel vaults
b. the introduction of ionic columns to support higher walls
c. the addition of a central dome atop the church
d. the addition of a transept to create a cruciform plan

The three main vaulting systems of Romanesque churches include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. rib vaulting
b. groin vaulting
c. barrel vaulting
d. radiating vaulting

In the context of a medieval church, what is a program
a. the choice of vaulting for the church
b. the rules that governed the clergy who occupied the church
c. a figurative set of Gregorian chants sung before each service
d. a series of images creating a religious narrative

What is the name of the half-circle atop a portal that depicts a religious scene in Romanesque architecture?
a. trumeau
b. mandorla
c. tympanum
d. lintel

In christian iconography such as in the Last Judgment on the portal of Sainte-Foy, those who will be save are depicted
a. to the left of Christ
b. to the right of Christ
c. immediately below Christ
d. immediately above Christ

What is a mandorla?
a. a circle of light encompassing the whole body of a divine figure
b. an artistic motif that depicts a baby as a little adult
c. an arch made from a series of small stones
d. a musical instrument played to accompany Gregorian chants

What is a triptych?
a. an altarpiece with three sections
b. a three-sided decorated column
c. the long hall into which a Romanesque portal opens
d. a Romanesque motif showing all three incarnations of the Christian God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit

Romanesque illuminated manuscripts demonstrate all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
a. the animated quality of letters
b. lively, naturalistic depictions of saints
c. intertwining human, animal, and floral forms
d. the use of flattened space

What historical event does the Bayeux Tapestry commemorate?
a. the Norman invasion of England in 1066
b. the legendary conversion of Constantine in the fourth century
c. the coronation of Charlemagne in 800
d. the fall of Rome in 476

The Bayeux Tapestry is actually not a tapestry; rather, it is
a. a frieze
b. a capital decoration
c. an illuminated manuscript
d. an embroidery

Romanesque art overall exhibits all of the following features EXCEPT:
a. flat space
b. naturalism
c. inorganic figures
d. lively, decorative stylization

An unusual feature of the Bayeux Tapestry compared to other Romanesque art is its:
a. secular character
b. use of decorative borders
c. static and stylized figures
d. combination of human and animal imagery

The tympanums of the Royal Portal at Chartres depict scenes from:
a. the New Testament
b. the Old Testament
c. French history
d. Classical mythology

Until 1890, the tallest building in the world was a Gothic cathedral located where?
a. Chartres
b. Cologne
c. Reims
d. Salisbury

As reflected in the differences between the door jamb statues on the west side of Chartres and those on its south, HIgh Gothic differed from early Gothic in that:
a. High Gothic statues were more stylized
b. High Gothic statues were more naturalistic
c. High Gothic statues were fully frontal
d. High Gothic statues were less individualistic

Which of the following statements about cathedrals is FALSE?
a. By definition, they served as the seats of bishops
b. they were owned by towns or cities
c. they were built primarily in rural areas
d. they developed their own schools and universities

To whom were most French and Gothic Cathedrals dedicated?
a. the Virgin Mary
b. Jesus
c. Saint Peter
d. a local saint important to the Cathedral was built

What were the most common colors used in Gothic stained-glass windows?
a. red and gold
b. blue and red
c. gold and green
d. blue and gold

What is the term for the iron frame that holds together individual units in a stained-glass window?
a. web
b. tracery
c. armature
d. colonette

Which of the following elements is NOT a part of a Gothic structure’s skeleton
a. buttress
b. wall
c. pier
d. rib

High Gothic cathedrals were measured according to which two criteria?
a. luminosity and length
b. height and spaciousness
c. luminosity and height
d. spaciousness and length

Each series of images circling the rose window on the north transept of Chartres consists of how many images?
a. twelve
b. three
c. ten
d. fourteen

Which of the following groups is NOT represented in the arches of the Royal Portal of Chartres?
a. the Seven Liberal Arts
b. the lineage of the French kings
c. Old Testament Kings and Queens
d. McLaren has a smelly butt

Which of the following architectural features was NOT a standard part of Gothic architecture
a. rib vaults
b. compound piers
c. rounded arches
d. flying buttresses

What term is used to identify the infilling, or surface of a vault?
a. web
b. rib
c. facade
d. jamb

Which region of Europe adopted the Gothic style last and abandoned it the soonest?
a. France
b. Germany
c. Spain
d. Italy

Which of the following organizing principles is typical of Gothic manuscript illuminations
a. clergy and laypeople positioned to the left of saints
b. clergy and laypeople positioned below the saints
c. laypeople positioned below saints and clergy
d. clergy and laypeople positioned to the right of saints

Who is credited with inventing the Gothic style?
a. Gabriel
b. William
c. Denis
d. Sugar

Where did the Gothic style originate?
a. Germany
b. Spain
c. France
d. Italy

Which of the following statements about Gothic architecture is FALSE?
a. it was based partly on musical and mathematic ratios
b. it was so named because of its German origins and distinctly Germanic traits
c. It was designed to reflect both spirituality and the divine rights of kings
d. it exploited a belief in the miraculous and mystical effects of light

Which of the following elements is more characteristic of the work of Giotto than the work of Duccio, as exemplified in their respective renditions of the Kiss of Judas?
a. figures’ faces turned away from the picture plane
b. long, curvilinear planes
c. exterior choreographed quality to the various figures in the scene
d. a cluttered landscape to accentuate the sparse numbers of figures

Who painted Allegories of Good and Bad Government (1338-1339)?
a. Giotto
b. Lorenzetti
c. Pisanco
d. Duccio

An important difference between the work of Duccio and that of Giotto is that Duccio’s work
a. gave figures and objects a sense of weightlessness
b. exhibited block-like sculptural forms instead of elegant ones
c. was more cluttered and richly drawn
d. used gold lines rather than shading to define form

Who was the central and largest figure in Duccio’s Maesta?
a. Jesus
b. John the Baptist
c. St. Peter
d. Mary

The most medieval element of the Arena Chapel is the
a. bodily proportions of the infant Jesus
b. depiction of hell
c. theatrical composition
d. use of gazes to focus the viewer’s attention on certain elements of the scene

An important distinction between the Nativities and Annunciations depicted by Pisano and Giotto is that Giotto’s rendering:
a. shows Mary staring straight forward, drawing the viewer into the scene
b. clutters the scene with more persons and more narrative
c. uses fewer figures in order to enhance the dramatic essence of the scene
d. evidences the strong influence of classical Roman poses

The patch of a fresco painting that an artist completed in a day was called
a. an arriccio
b. a sinopia
c. an intonaco
d. a gironata

In their respective renderings of Madonna Enthroned, both Cimabue and Giotto:
a. included flat, round halos that do not turn with the heads of the figures
b. depicted the infant Jesus with the proportions of an infant
c. use draperies to suggest organic weight and form
d. provide a naturalistic rather than a stylized depiction of human form

In late medieval wooden panel painting, before paint was applied the wood was prepared with several layers of:
a. predella
b. tempera
c. gesso
d. giornata

The Arena Chapel, site of giotto’s best preserved work, is located in:
a. Venice
b. Florence
c. Naples
d. Padua

Who is generally regarded as the last great Italian painted in the Byzantine tradition?
a. Giotto
b. Pisaro
c. Duccio
d. Cimabue

All of the following elements were part of the Renaissance EXCEPT:
a. the rise of humanism
b. an indifference to nature
c. the celebration of individual artists
d. the artistic illusion of three-dimensional space

During the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, artists generally came from
a. the middle class
b. the peasantry
c. the aristocracy
d. the ranks of wealthy commoners

Cimabue’s Madonna Enthroned exhibits all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
a. the Christ Child depicted in the form of an adult
b. long, thin human fingers
c. the use of gold in a manner reminiscent of Byzantine art
d. poses and draperies that show a clear Classical Roman influence

A defining characteristic of the Renaissance was a:
a. skeptical form of rationalism that rejected most aspects of Christianity
b. revival of interest in Greek and Roman arts and letters
c. self-conscious attempt to throw off the shackles of tradition and create and entirely new artistic style

The Renaissance first began to emerge in what region?
a. Italy
b. Germany
c. Spain
d. France

Donatello’s David contains all the following elements EXCEPT:
a. implicit homosexual imagery
b. a revival of antique forms
c. complex religious and political allegories
d. a bulky, masculine figure in David

Which is NOT an important development in Early Renaissance art and architecture?
a. the development of illusionism
b. the increased popularity of the equestrian portrait
c. the invention of one-point perspective
d. the increased use of stained glass windows

Hugo’s Portinari Altarpiece exhibits all of the following characteristics EXCEPT
a. a languid, placid style
b. rich, deep colors
c. ordinary objects imbued with Christian meaning
d. patrons depicted as larger than saints

Who authored both On Architecture and On Painting, the first Renaissance text on art theory?
a. Donatello
b. Botticelli
c. Alberti
d. Ghirlandaio

The Ghent Altarpiece exhibits all the following characteristics EXCEPT
a. exquisite details created by oil pain applied with tiny brushes
b. the figure of God whose importance is indicated by both position and size
c. mathematically superior perspective compared to contemporary Italian works
d. the use of elongated, individualized figures instead of idealized ones

Which Florentine painter’s Adoration of the Shepherds (1485) visually attests to the influence of Northern paining on the Italian renaissance?
a. Ghirlandaio
b. Hugo
c. Masaccio
d. Piero

Which artist may have painted himself both as the Man in the Red Turban and as an observer shown in a mirror’s reflection in the Arnolfini Portrait?
a. van Eyck
b. Rogier
c. Masaccio
d. Donatello

Whose Birth of Venus exemplifies the Early Renaissance’s renewed interest in pagan mythology
a. Rogier
b. Botticelli
c. van Eyck
d. Mantegna

Which artist’s Descent from the Cross (c. 1435 is imbued with the desire of contemporary religious movements, particularly associated with Thomas a Kempis to achieve mystical communion with Christ’s life and message?
a. van Eyck
b. Campin
c. Rogier
d. Chirlandaio

Fifteenth-century Northern painting as a whole is most characterized by its
a. early abandonment of Gothic traditions
b. fascination with Classical mythological subject matter
c. experimentation with tempera paintings techniques
d. interest in meticulous and naturalistic detail

Campin’s Merode Altarpiece exhibits all the following characteristics EXCEPT
a. the illusion of three-dimensional space
b. a single viewpoint uniting all three panels of the triptych
c. sharp, precise details
d. a bourgeois setting containing everyday secular objects

Verrocchio’s statue of David differed from Donatello’s in that Verrocchio’s
a. is more erotic
b. shows David having triumphed over Goliath
c. is more angular and gawky
d. is a nude

Which painter employed illusionistic techniques to create immersive illusionistic environments in rooms such as the Camera Picta for the Ducal Palace in Mantua?
a. Campin
b. Piero
c. Alberti
d. Mantegna

Which is NOT a feature of the Rucellai Palace?
a. pointed window arches
b. Tuscan, Ionic, and Corinthian pilasters
c. a vertical progression similar to that of the Roman Colosseum
d. a symmetrical faqade

Castagno’s Youthful David was painted on:
a. canvas
b. a shield
c. a banner
d. a wall

Filippo Lippi’s tondo of the Madonna and Child with Scenes from the Life of Saint Anne contains all the following elements EXCEPT
a. references to antique forms
b. orthogonal floor patterns to establish perspective
c. a rejection of spirituality in favor of monumentality
d. delicate, curvilinear draperies

Which of the following statements about Uccello’s Sir John Hawkwood is FALSE?
a. It as painted on the wall of a cathedral
b. it adopts a double perspective system in its depiction of pedestal and horse and rider
c. it condenses two narrative moments within one frame
d. it commemorates a secular soldier of fortune

Piero’s portrait of Federico da Montefeltro was inspired by:
a. the Roman statue of Marcus Aurelius
b. the Augustus of Prima Porta
c. Roman portrait busts on ancient coins
d. the Doryphoros

Who designed the Rucellai Palace in the mid-fifteenth century?
a. Brunelleschi
b. Alberti
c. Ghiberti
d. Uccello

In works like Piero’s Annunciation, the Christian icon of the porta clause-or “the closed door”- refers to
a. the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden
b. Jesus’ conquest over death
c. the portal to Hell
d. Saint Mary’s virginity

What city served as the intellectual, financial, and artistic center of Renaissance Italy throughout most of the 1400s?
a. Florence
b. Naples
c. Venice
d. Rome

To what does the term quattrocentro refer?
a. the fifteenth century
b. a famous Florentine school for artists
c. a type of painting
d. the use of linear perspective to create the illusion of depth

A competition to design a set of doors for the Florence Baptistery was supervised and judged by:
a. the Florentine government
b. the Medicis
c. the Catholic Church
d. the wool refiners’ guild

Which highly influential Renaissance architect first gained fame as a sculptor, a career he allegedly abandoned after losing a contest to design the Florentine Baptistery doors?
a. Ghiberti
b. Brunelleschi
c. Vasari
d. Masaccio

Who wrote the seminal Lives of the MOst Eminent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects (1550), an important source of information about Renaissance artists?
a. Ghiberti
b. Mantegna
c. Campin
d. Vasari

Brunelleschi’s architectural works exhibited all the following qualities EXCEPT:
a. the use of complex mathematical ratios based on musical harmonies
b. the use of circles and squares in building plans
c. the use of Classical rather than Gothic piers
d. the use of round arches rather than pointed ones

Which artist is credited with the Italian invention of linear or one-point perspective?
a. Masaccio
b. Gentile
c. Brunelleschi
d. Donatello

Masaccio’s Holy Trinity for the church of Santa Maria Novella contains all the following elements EXCEPT:
a. a Byzantine fondness for complex and exotic imagery
b. the creation of illusionistic space via orthogonals
c. representations of two of the donors who commissioned the piece
d. a symbolic reminder of death’s inevitability

How does the technique of chiaroscuro suggest volume?
a. through the use of orthogonals
b. through gradations in light and shade
c. through the position of objects in relation to each other
d. through the size of objects in relation to each other

Whose Procession and Adoration of the Magi (1423) for an altarpiece demonstrates the continuing influence of Byzantine and INternational Gothic styles in Italian art even after the Renaissance had begun?
a. Masaccio
b. Donatello
c. Brunelleschi
d. Gentile

Michelangelo’s work included a portrait of himself:
a. as David in the sculpture of that name
b. as Jesus in his Pieta
c. as Adam in the Creation of Adam
d. on a flayed skin in his Last Judgement

How does Michelangelo’s depiction of hell differ from those of earlier Christian artists such as Giotto?
a. His depiction of hell is markedly more chaotic than his depiction of heaven and earth
b. his depiction draws more on Classical imagery than medieval CHristian imagery
c. His depiction shows hell across the entire bottom of the frame instead of just on the left
d. his depiction of hell is filled only with monstrous and demonic forms, not human ones

Which artist’s use of soft light and chiaroscuro in works like the San Giobbe Altarpiece as well as the clarity of forms in works like his portrait of Doge Leonardo Loredan put him at the forefront of the HIgh Renaissance in Venice?
a. Raphael
b. Andrea Mantegna
c. Giorgione
d. Giovanni Bellini

Which of the following statements about fourteenth and fifteenth century Venice is LEASE accurate?
a. it enjoyed a remarkable stretch of political stability and continuity when compared to other Italian states
b. Its artistic style showed the influence of Gothic, Byzantine, and International styles
c. Its location atop a body of water affected its artists’ use of light
d. it abandoned the tradition of the family-run artists’ workshop much more quickly than Rome or Florence

Titian’s paintings are known for all of the following traits EXCEPT:
a. daring compositional arrangements
b. the psychological insight they show into their characters
c. their warm colors, deepened by layers of glaze
d. their limited range of subject matter

The content of Titian’s Pesaro Madonna demonstrates the artist’s fondness for
a. rich, textured fabrics
b. sweeping natural landscapes
c. exact symmetry
d. darkened settings

Which artist explored erotic themes in both the Rape of Europa and the Venus of Urbino?
a. Titian
b. Raphael
c. Gentile Bellini
d. Giorgione

Which of the following terms best describes Raphael’s work in comparison with that of Leonardo and Michelangelo?
a. contorted
b. anxious
c. ambiguous and mysterious
d. calm and restrained

The Renaissance artists best known for his anatonmical drawings, including drawings of fetuses in wombs, is
a. Michelangelo
b. Leonardo
c. Titian
d. Botticelli

The Mona Lisa’s nickname, La Gioconda, literally means
a. “the unknowable one”
b. ” the private joke”
c. “the smiling one”
d. “the wife of Francesco del Giocondo”

Michelangelo’s David depicts the figure
a. poised tensely for battle against Goliath
b. in the midst of slinging a stone at Goliath
c. in a moment of private triumph after winning his battle against Goliath
d. receiving accolades for his victory over Goliath

The proportions of Michelangelo’s David are best described as
a. Byzantine
b. Classical
c. Archaic
d. Hellenistic

Which artist used himself and his contemporary artists as models for the philosophers in his school of Athens?
a. Titian
b. Raphael
c. Gentile Bellini
d. Giorgione

The painterly technique of sfumato could best be defined as the practice of:
a. bringing figures into sharp relief through stark contrasts in color
b. defining figures through delicate gradations of light and shade
c. incorporating symbolic elements of geometry and numerology into the composition and subject matter of the painting
d. interrelating figures into their architectural or natural surroundings

Leonardo’s Madonna and Child with Saint Anne exhibits all the following characteristics EXCEPT:
a. Jesus portrayed with adult proportions
b. a triangular composition
c. the interrelation of the figures and the landscape between them
d. the use of chiaroscuro and sfumato

Leonardo’s Last Supper contains all the following elements EXCEPT:
a. depictions of each apostles’ psychological reaction to Jesus’ news
b. a figure of Judas indicated by his isolated location
c. the symbolic use of light
d. the symbolic use of geometry and numerology

Which of the following adjectives LEAST accurately describes Leonardo’s artistic nature
a. investigative
b. experimental
c. practical
d. preliminary

All the following artists contributed substantially to the new St. Peter’s in Rome EXCEPT:
a. Bramante
b. Michelangelo
c. Raphael
d. Leonardo

Influenced by Classical antiquity, HIgh Renaissance artists adopted what layout for buildings such as St. Peter’s in Rome?
a. Romanesque
b. central plan
c. basilica
d. Gothic

Who was the dominant High Renaissance artist in Venice?
a. Titian
b. Leonardo
c. Bramante
d. Raphael

Which city served as the center of the Italian art world during the HIgh Renaissance?
a. Florence
b. Naples
c. Rome
d. Venice

The Counter-Reformation responded to the challenge of Protestantism by emphasizing
a. Christ’s role as a merciful redeemer
b. divine punishment for sin
c. the essential good of humankind
d. the benevolent qualities of nature

A striking quality of the Entombment at the Church of Santa Felicita in Florence is its:
a. juxtaposition of fixed and agitated poses, and of gloomy and pastel colors
b. accentuation of the fleshiness of the human figures
c. rejection of the sculptural, carved appearance of drapery made popular by Michelangelo
d. creation of a well-definied space in which all of the human figures appear distant from each other

Which of the following qualities is characteristic of Mannerist art?
a. symmetrical arrangements that create an overall aura of stability
b. open spaces with human figures overwhelmed by natural landscapes
c. elongated, exaggerated human bodies in complex poses
d. the close study, imitation , and idealization of nature

Who painted Entombment for the Church of Santa Felicita in Florence?
a. Giambologna
b. Pontormo
c. Bronzino
d. Tintoretto

In Madonna and child with Angels (c 1535), Mary’s body twists gracefully in a form known as:
a. figura pieta
b. figura rossi
c. figura putto
d. figura serpentinata

Francesco Mazzola is better known as:
a. Giambologna
b. El Greco
c. Pontormo
d. Parmigianino

Who painted Madonna of the Long Neck?
a. Pontormo
b. Giambologna
c. Parmigianino
d. Anguissola

Sofonista Anguissola was best known for painting:
a. landscapes
b. portraits
c. obscure religious allegories
d. rural scenes

Who painted Venus, Cupid, Folly, and TIme?
a. Tintoretto
b. Cellini
c. Bronzino
d. Parmigianino

The painting Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time exemplifies the Mannerist fondness for:
a. erotic imagery
b. Christian allegory
c. natural landscapes
d. somber colors an dsubjects

The columsn on the facade of San Giorgio Maggiore are
a. Ionic
b. Corinthian
c. Doric
d. Composite

In which of the following countries did the Protestant Reformation gain the LEAST ground?
a. England
b. Norway
c. Spain
d. Switzerland

Which Mannerist artist was charged with two murders and wrote an autobiography while under house arrest for sodomy?
a. Tintoretto
b. Vasari
c. Berlioz
d. Cellini

Which Mannerist artist was known for his sculpted work with gold and enamel, such as a salf cellar he made for King Francis I?
a. Cellini
b. Vasari
c. Bronzino
d. Fidolfi

How does Giambologna’s Mercury differ from the Davids of Donatello and Verrocchio?
a. It differs little from one viewpoint to another
b. it presents smooth, fleshy surfaces
c. it presents a more rigid pose
d. it makes greater use of open space

Which Flemish sculptor was an exception to the ule that Mannerism was a primarily Italian style?
a. Cellini
b. El Greco
c. Parmigianio
d. Giambologna

At the Council of Trent, the Roman Catholic Church decided on all the following rules regarding art EXCEPT:
a. art should emphasize the parallels between Old and New Testaments
b. art should appeal to reason rather than the emotions
c. art should be didactic and ethically correct
d. art should portray religious subjects accurately and ignore Classical events

How did Paolo Veronese respond when the Holy Tribunal attacked him for including vulgar and “heretical” imagery in his lLast Supper?
a. he burned the work and begged for mercy
b. he painted over the offending material
c. he changed the painting’s title
d. he endured torture and imprisonment rather than repent

How did Tintoretto’s Last Supper differ from those of Veronese and Leonardo?
a. Tintoretto’s work was more inclined toward mystical melodrama
b. Tintoretto’s work demonstrated a greater interest in the psychology of the subjects
c. Tintoretto’s work reveal a closer operation of nature
d. Tintoretto placed the table at which Jesus sat parallel to the picture plane

The subject matter and composition of the Burial of the Count of Orgaz shows:
a. a close proximity between the material world on earth and the spiritual world of Heaven
b. the punishment inevitably doled out to sinners who pursue worldly wealth
c. a fondness for playful eroticism even in seemingly dour occasions
d. an implicit argument that the material world is the only reality and no soul lives on after death

Who painted the Burial of the Count of Orgaz?
a. Tintoretto
b. El Greco
c. Parmigianino
d Bronzino

From 1577 onward, El Greco worked in whic country with which he is most associated?
a. Italy
b. France
c. Greece
d. Spain

The Villa Rotunda at Vicenza exhibits all the following features EXCEPT:
a. a domed central chamber
b. strict symmetry
c. stained-glass windows
d. porticoes enclosed by walls pierced by an arch

Palladio’s villas typically were based on plans of what shape?
a. cross
b. circle
c. pentagon
d. square

Who wrote Four Books of Architecture (1570)?
a. Vitruvius
b. Tintoretto
c. Cellini
d. Palladio

How did the design of the church of San Giorgio Maggiore solve the problem of relating the facade to an interior with a high central nave and lower side aisles?
a. by elevating the side aisles to match the nave
b. by superimposing a tall facade on a shorter, wider one
c. by lowering the nave to match the side aisles
d. by removing the facade completely

What architectural feature used by Palladio became a characteristic aspect of Baroque architecture?
a. the broken pediment
b. the flying buttress
c. the vaulted arch
d. the cruciform layout

Who designed the church of San Giorgio Maggiore?
a. Palladio
b. Ruiz
c. Tintoretto
d. Veronese