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    ART 111/157

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    To gain entry to an artisan guild one had to
    produce a masterpiece
    Based on the discussion in the text, what was meant by a masterpiece in fourteenth-century Europe?
    a work of art that met the guild’s highest standard of quality
    What social change was particularly influential to the production of art in the fourteenth century?
    the emergence of the wealthy merchant class
    At the beginning of the fourth century, which royal court was the arbiter of taste in Western Europe?
    Paris
    What is the English art of opus anglicanum?
    finely detailed emboidery
    What historical artistic tradition is evident in Sienese painting of the early fourteenth century?
    Byzantine
    What theme is represented in Andrea Pisano’s doors of the Bapistery of San Giovanni in Florence?
    the life of John the Baptist
    Cimabue’s influence can be seen in Giotto’s “Virgin and the Child Enthroned” in the
    symmetrical composition
    A typical feature of Duccio di Buoninsegna’s style that can be seen in the “Raising of Lazarus” is
    dramatic urgency
    What are included in Giotto’s frescos at the Arena Chapel?
    Personifications of the Virtues painted in grisaille
    Narrative scenes from the life of Christ
    A scene of the Last Judgement
    What detail in “The Hours of Jeanne d’Evreux” might suggest hopes for the patron to bear a male heir?
    the rabbit
    We know that “The Hours of Jeanne d’Evreux” was illuminated by Parisian painter Jean Pucelle because
    Jeanna d’Evreux mentions him in her will
    Which part of Exter Cathedral is specific to the Perpendicular style?
    the tracery of the stained glass window seen from the presbytery
    Designed by Thomas of Whitney, the 57-foot high bishop’s throne at Exter Cathedral has an elaborate wooden canopy made to resemble
    emboidery
    St. Hedwig was known for having particular affection for a(n)
    ivory statue of the Virgin and Child
    Charles IV of Bohemia replaced Constantinople as the “New Rome” when he moved his capital to
    Prague
    What distinguishes German art of the fourteenth century from other European cultural centers of the period?
    a mystical religiosity that emphasized extreme joy and suffering
    According to the text, Petrach was among the first to identify what characteristic of Renaissance society?
    the human potential for great individual accomplishment
    Unlike their Northern counterparts, Italian painters sought to render the illusion of physical reality through
    adherence to a strict mathematical system for depicting receding space
    Donatello’s “David” was the first statue since antiquity that was
    a life-size, free standing nude
    Flippo Brunelleschi’s major contribution to Florence Cathedral was his design for
    the dome
    Nanni di Banco’s “The Four Crowned Martyrs” was commissioned by the Florentine stonecarvers’ and woodworkers’ guild to decorate which building?
    Orsanmichele
    What was the function of Fra Angelico’s paintings in the monastery of San Marco?
    to inspire the monk’s meditation and devotion
    What biblical figure played an important role in Florentine sculpture as a political symbol of the city?
    David
    “Chirst Giving Keys to Saint Peter” is a painting from Perugino’s fresco cycle in
    The Sistine Chapel
    Which term applies to Andrea Mantegna’s treatment of the Camera Picta’s domed ceiling in the palace of Ludovico Gonzaga?
    di sotto in su or “from below upwards”
    The Renaissance symbol of the ideal ruler prominent in the decorative scheme of the Studiolo was the
    Squirrel
    The carefully constructed formal correspondences within Piero della Francesca’s “Baptism of Christ” infuse the painting with a feeling of
    calm and peaceful stasis
    In painting the term “allegory” refers to
    a symbolic illustration of a concept or principle
    What Renaissance characteristic led Northern European artists to describe their subjects so precisely?
    Curiosity about the natural world
    Giovanni Arnolfini’s success in commissioning Jan van Eyck to paint the “Double Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife” can be understood as evidence of
    the interdependence of society’s power brokers
    What development in fifteenth-century art seems paralleled by the increasing practice of artists to sign their work?
    The rising popularity of the portraiture
    In the painted altarpiece by Melchior Broederlam, the pot of lilies represents
    Mary’s virginity
    Few tapestries survived the French Revolution because they were
    burned to obtain precious metals woven into them
    What element of Claus Sluter’s “Well of Moses” was in keeping with Gothic sculptural tradition?
    the painted surfaces and added metal details
    What subject appears in the lunettes in the upper part of the pages in the “Tres Riches Heures?”
    The signs of the Zodiac
    What established artistic tradition gave rise to the production of opus anglicanum used through Europe?
    Pictoral needlework
    The term grisaille refers to
    painting in shades of gray with minimal color
    How does the production of a woodcut differ from that of an engraving?
    The image appeared raised on the block surface
    The exacting attention to fine details that characterizes Flemish paintings such as “A Goldsmith in his Shop” reflects the influence of what northern European artistic tradition?
    Manuscript illumination
    What probably contributed to the development of engraving techniques used by artists such as Martin Schongauer?
    Established metalworking practices
    The Studiolo of Federico da Montefeltro is remarkable for its use of
    trompe l’oeil
    What characteristic of fifteenth-century Italian art is demonstrated in Ghiberti’s architectural setting for “Jacob and Esau?”
    the use of linear perpective
    Most scholars believe that Jan van Eyck’s “Man in a Red Turban” is
    a self portrait
    Unlike Italian artists, Flemish painters preferred using oil rather than tempura paint because it
    allowed for easy changes
    The central panel of the “Merode Altarpiece” depicts the
    Annunciation
    As opposed to the first generation of Flemish painters, the second generation created works that were
    emotionally powerful
    What detail of Rogier van der Weyden’s “Deposition” references the paintings commission by the Louvain crossbowmen’s guild?
    crossbows can be seen in upper corners
    Michael Pacher was one of the greatest artists to work in the tradition of
    polychromed wood carvings
    Common in Flamboyant architecture, the small, knobby, leaf-like ornaments that line steep gables and slender butresses are known as
    crockets
    In Jean Fouquet’s “Etienne Chevalier and St. Stephen, Virgin and Child” what detail references St. Stephen’s role as the first Christian martyr?
    the rock sitting on the closed book
    The setting for Konrad Witz’s “Miraculous Draft of Fishes” is the
    Lake of Geneva
    “The Nuremberg Chronicle” is a history of
    the world
    The first movable type printing press in Europe was achieved by
    Johann Gutenberg
    Typical of many devotional images sold to pilgrims in the fifteenth century, “The Buxheim St. Christopher,”
    is a woodblock print
    Oil paint is more luminous than tempera because
    light reflects off layers of pigment
    How does Hugo van der Goes’s “Portinari Altarpiece” differ from other Flemish paintings?
    The variations in scale among figures
    What are some functions of the altar in Early Renaissance churches?
    To serve as a site where the mass is performed, to symbolize the tomb of Christ, and to hold sacred relics.
    NOT to serve as a platform for the priests
    Th Flamboyant style of architecture is commonly seen in
    French town halls in the fifteenth century
    What is true of women artists in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance?
    They were usually daughters or wives of artists
    They worked as miniatures and could even gain the status of publishers
    They could be admitted into the painter’s guild in some Flemish towns
    What characteristic distinguishes the earliest printing block books?
    Each page was made as a separate woodcut print
    The leading court artist of fifteenth-century France was
    Jean Fouquet
    What event may have influenced both the style and subject matter in the “Strozzi Altarpiece?”
    The bubonic plague
    Before starting a panel painting, what does an artist do?
    Apply thin strips soaked in gesso
    Create an underdrawing in charcoal
    Burnish a gessoed surface
    Which work functioned primarily as political propaganda for the city of Siena?
    Ambrogio Lorenzetti’s painting “The Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country
    How did Peter Parler’s design for the choir of the church of the Holy Cross differ from his father’s plan used to construct the nave?
    the ribbing was more complex and linear
    Simone Martini and Lippo Memmi’s “Annunciation” differs from the earlier Sienese style of Duccio in the apparent influence of
    courtly Gothic style
    The circumstances of the patronage of the Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel appear to be most closely referenced in the the panel(s) representing
    Judas receiving payment for the betrayal of Jesus
    Sculptures called “Vesperbild,” which depict the Virgin mourning the dead Christ, originated in Germany as
    devotional aids used during evening prayers
    What architectural element(s) of Exeter Cathedral characterize(s) the Perpendicular style used in the latter phase of its construction?
    The tracery of the window
    What social function was served by elaborately carved chests called cassoni, found in the homes of wealthy Florentine families?
    They displayed the wealth brought into a marriage
    Venetian painting differs from Florentine painting in its
    attention to natural details and lighting effects
    What leads to the speculation that Pollaiuolo’s “Battle of the Nudes” was intended as a study on anatomical form?
    The figures appear based on a single model
    What distinguishing feature of Italian portraiture is demonstrated by Pierro della Francesca’s “Battista Sforza” and “Federcio da Montefeltro?
    The use of strict profile
    Fillipo Brunelleschi’s “Ospedale degli Innocenti” has a distinct sense of harmony most notable because
    it is based on a Pythagorean proportional system
    Why is Botticelli’s “Primavera” considered an allegory?
    It uses Classical motifs to express Neoplatonic ideas
    What distinguishes Uccello’s use of perspective in “The Battle of San Romano” from earlier Florentine artists such as Masaccio?
    An intellectual interest in experimenting with perspective techniques
    What features of “The Tribute Money” contribute to the illusion of three-dimensionality of the image?
    The use of atmospheric perspective
    The use of linear perspective
    The modulation of tones within forms
    During the Reformation, many artists turned to secular subjects, including depictions of human folly and weakness, still life’s, and landscapes, because
    Of suffer loss of patronage for religious art in the newly Protestant lands
    Desiderious Erasmus of Rotterdam, Holland,
    Was a reformer of the Roman Catholic Church from within
    Which historical figures supported the Protestant Reformation in northern Europe?
    Martin Luther, Henry VIII, and Desiderius Erasmus
    Albrecht Durer made his fortune from
    Publications of his prints
    The main panel of Tilman Riemenschneider’s Altar piece of the Holy Blood depicts the
    Last Supper
    Based on the discussion in the text, what influence may have inspired Matthias Grunewald’s graphic imagery in the Isenheim Altarpiece?
    The visions of St. Bridget of Sweden
    In Albrecht Durer’s Adam and Eve, the symbol of Satan is represented by a/an
    Mouse
    According to the text, German Renaissance sculptors produced their most original work in
    Wood
    Where is the Cour Carrée?
    Palais du Louvre
    Francis I’s effort to modernize Gothic traditions in France is best demonstrated by
    His hiring of Italian artists for his court
    What distinguishes Jean Clouet’s portrait of Francis I from German and Flemish portraits of the period?
    The more idealized facial features
    When Juan de Herrera was appointed architect of the Escorial complex, he dramatically changed the design by
    Adding second stories on all wings
    The loose brushwork of El Greco’s paintings suggests the influence of
    Venetian traditions
    Quentin Masses’s Money Changer and His Wife recalls a famous fifteenth-century painting by
    Petrus Christus
    While traveling in Italy, Pieter Bruegel the Elder made detailed drawings of
    The Alpine landscape
    What city was the commercial and artistic center of the southern Netherlands in the sixteenth century?
    Antwerp
    Which work of art was once known as The Strawberry Plant?
    Hieronymus Bosch’s Garden of Earthly Delights
    Which Flemish painter developed an illustrious reputation as a portraitist during the sixteenth century?
    Caterina van Hemessen
    England’s first professional Renaissance architect, who designed Hardwick Hall, was
    Robert Smythson
    Patronized by the queen of England and other court notables, Nicholas Hilliard was known for the production of
    Miniature portraits
    Hardwick Hall incorporates aspects of Classicism through its
    Geometric order and symmetrical arrangement
    oil paint

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